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Assignment Sheet: Philosophy Paper Your task is to write a term paper in which you state and justify your personal philosophy of guiding young children. It is important to have a personal philosophy. A well-articulated philosophy is needed because: 1) it provides a set of considerations that are important to intelligently choosing and implementing guidance techniques in daily life and professional settings; 2) it creates a mental space where knowledge and experiences related to guidance can be integrated with existing knowledge and experiences; 3) it provides an organized reference point for ready access; 4) it can be used as an outline for developing and assessing guidance practices; and 5) it is among the expectations for students wishing to enter the profession of child development
Assignment Sheet: Philosophy PaperYour task is to write a term paper in which you state and justify your personal philosophy of guiding young children. It is important to have a personal philosophy. A well-articulated philosophy is needed because: 1) it provides a set of considerations that are important to intelligently choosing and implementing guidance techniques in daily life and professional settings; 2) it creates a mental space where knowledge and experiences related to guidance can be integrated with existing knowledge and experiences; 3) it provides an organized reference point for ready access; 4) it can be used as an outline for developing and assessing guidance practices; and 5) it is among the expectations for students wishing to enter the profession of child development.The paper is to be based on your opinions as well as on current scientific developmental and guidance information from three through five-year old children. The purpose of this assignment is to assist you in systematically forming, stating and justifying that philosophy.The paper is worth a Maximum of 100 points and should be limited to 8-10 typewritten pages and double-spaced pages, excluding the title page and references. You will be turning in a paper outline worth 5 points, a rough draft worth 10, and the remaining 85 points will be the paperWriting the paperContent and organizationThe content of this paper should focus on guidance of children three to five-years of age and should state and justify your views on the guidance of children during a specific age period.The paper should bring together guidance and developmental information presented in this course as well as 5 published outside resources. The published sources must be in addition to class notes, assigned readings, and deal with guidance or development during the preschool years. At least 3 resources must be from peer reviewed journals.A philosophy of guidance contains several interrelated elements. Address each of the points in the following outline. Use the outline to organize your paper.I. Title Page (Title, Your Name, Course, and Semester, APA format)II. Introduction (Purpose, Organization)A. The purpose of your paper: state and justify your personal philosophy of guiding young children. This paper is to make you think, and express your views on guiding young children. (Outside sources are important to the extent that they support or justify your ideas and philosophy). The Organization of your paper: state the sequence in which topics will be presented in the discussion, section of your paper (e.g. philosophy, theorists, teaching style, goals for children).III. DiscussionA. Assumptions About How Children Learn (Environment, Forms, and Activities)
State and justify your beliefs about how children learn best (write and elaborate using the statement, “I think that children learn best by (when)…”A. Talk about the kinds of environmental conditions that promote learning (e.g. that the environment is safe, well-organized, and clean).B. Discuss the forms (means) through which you think children learn most effectively (theory)(e.g., through hands-on experiences, teacher directed, Montessori, Reggio, Creative Curriculum, High-Scope).C. Apply the ideas above to suggesting one developmentally appropriate (activity) that will incorporate your ideas about how children learn.B. Assumptions About What the Motives are for Young Children’s Behaviors
Express and justify your views on why children behave as they do (e.g., to gain rewards, to answer questions, to receive attention form adults, etc.). “I think children act the way they do in order to…”C. Assumptions About What Children Need to Learn to Succeed Later in Life? How does this relate to your goals?
Looking into the future, what do you think children today will need to know when they enter the primary grades, and when they become adults? Answering these questions will involve some speculation on your part. Also, it will give you a basis for being proactive in your guidance: one of the key reasons adults guide young children is to prepare them for the future.a. Choose one example of what you consider to be the most important thing young children will need to know/learn when they enter elementary school and how this will help them become successful adults.b. Indicate why you believe this is important.D. Assumptions About the Adult-Child Relationship
The adult-child relationship can take many forms. Some people believe that the adult should be an authority figure and that the child’s job is to learn from the adult and to obey that person. Others believe that the child should be the leader and that the adult should support the child’s interests. Some think that adults and children should be co-learners and should approach new experiences together. What do you think the adult-child relationship should be and why?E. Goals for Guidance
Goals for guidance indicate what you are trying to achieve when guiding young children. Goals take the form of general statements such as “I will improve children’s social skills.” By definition, a goal specifies that there will be an increase or a decrease in some behavior, attitude, or knowledge.
What are your main goals when guiding young children? List what you consider to be the 2 most important goals you have for guiding young children.
How would achieving those help the child?F. Behavioral Objectives Following from Goals
Behavioral objectives are related to goals for guidance, but they are more specific and measurable. For Example, instead of saying we are going to increase children’s social skills, we say that we are going to increase their use of polite forms of speech such as saying please and thank you. Polite forms of speech are more specific examples of social skills.
Give two original examples of behavioral objectives following from each of the goals you stated in the previous section (E).G. Guidance techniques following from goals, and objectives.
Guidance techniques are the methods that adults use to guide young children. They include direct techniques such as what adults say to children when guiding them. They also include indirect methods such as arranging the environment in such a way as to minimize the chances of problem behavior. In a well thought out philosophy, the techniques used in guidance are directly related to the assumptions that the adult makes about guidance and to the goals and objectives the adult has set for what children will learn. For example, suppose that the adult assumes children learn best by being rewarded for their behaviors. When trying to improve children’s social skills, the adult will reward children when they say “please” and “thank you”. Notice in this example the technique that is used is consistent with the adult’s assumptions, goals, and objectives.
Give two example of techniques that you would use when guiding young children, and describe the link between each of the techniques, goals, and objectives on which they are based.IV. Summary and ConclusionA. In this section give a concise statement of the main points of your philosophy and the main justifications for those pointsV. ReferencesA. Provide a minimum of five different references, from outside resources. You should cite these sources in the text of the paper and should provide a listing of them at the end of the paper. You will use APA style to cite your sources.Documentation RequirementsPapers should be type written, and double-spaced on standard paper.Paper should be a minimum of 8 and max of 10 double-spaced pages.The paper should be APA style.Title page and references: Please note that reference citations are required when paraphrasing or quoting (also use quotation marks) from a source other than your own ideas. Please give the name or names of the author or authors and also the year of publication (APA style). Also note that all sources cited in the text of the paper must be cited in a references section, which is to appear at the end of your paper.Although this paper is about child guidance rather than on written composition, class members are expected to demonstrate college-level mastery of standard written English (and of standard rules for typing/word processing). Avoid common errors such as incorrect use of commas, apostrophizes, and parts of speech (e.g., using a noun as a verb).
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