An Overview of World Health Care Systems
INTRODUCTION
Even though every health care system is unique on its given social and cultural environment, all health systems have common elements that are necessary for functionality. These building blocks not only help us to understanding health systems better but they also provide opportunities for system improvement. One widely accepted way of measuring the building blocks of the overall functioning of a health system is through the lens of costs, quality, and access.
In this LearnScape, the hospital’s ethics committee is seriously considering the discontinuation of their labor and delivery services. The student, acting as the Manager of the Social Services Department, has been tasked by the senior leadership team to determine the implications associated with ceasing labor and delivery service at the hospital.
Point of Clarification: This is a multinational healthcare delivery system with its headquarters in the U.S., but with hospitals and other assets located throughout Europe, the Middle East, and Latin America. The hospital that is the focus of this LearnScape is not located in the U.S., but in a foreign country. More specifics are provided in the “Directions” section.
Like any business, healthcare organizations are often put in the position of reconsidering the services they make available to the community. With increasing pressure to do more with less, there are instances where organizations need to make difficult decisions to discontinue services due to lack of demand, high operating costs relative to revenue generation, increasing liability costs, difficulty attracting and retaining licensed providers, change in strategic direction, increasing local competition, political pressures, and so forth. These decisions aren’t always popular, but may be necessary to keep the organization financially solvent. There have been cases where hospitals have discontinued cancer treatment services given the costs associated with these services relative to the rates of reimbursement received for said services. With all that said, there are many instances that facilities elect to retain services, not because they make financial sense, but because they meet a particular need with the community. These are some of the decisions that all operational professionals will need to make as their career progresses. As you will discover there are a number of factors that need to be carefully considered when making decisions on which products or services to continue, discontinue, or initiative within an organization (e.g., financial, political, regulatory, economic, ethical, etc.). You will also get exposure to how other countries view these sometimes challenging decisions. Like in the United States, all countries have a unique set of cultural beliefs and values, sociopolitical, economic, financial, as well as access, cost, quality, and continuity factors that need to be taken into consideration when making product and service delivery decisions.
UNIT LEARNING OUTCOMES
ULO #1: Compare and contrast the U.S. health care system to that of other health care delivery models utilized in foreign countries. (CLO 1)
ULO #2: Examine issues associated with access, cost, quality, and continuity in health care services in the U.S. and other foreign countries. (CLO 3 and 7)
ULO #3: Evaluate ethical considerations when making operational, financial, and strategic decisions. (CLO 7)
ULO #5: Consider the public welfare and political when formulating recommendations for making operational, financial, and strategic decisions in public and private healthcare organizations. (CLO 7)
DIRECTIONS
LearnScape Scenario
Initial Posting
Peer Responses
LEARNSCAPE SCENARIO
(Initial Posting) Students are to complete the LearnScape for Health Care Ethics: Episode 3: Labor and Delivery Services (Scenario).
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Labor and Delivery
If your last name begins with the letter “A” through “E,” consider that this small, 18-bed rural hospital is physically located in Germany.
If your last name begins with the letter “F” through “J,” consider that this small, 18-bed rural hospital is physically located in Canada.
If your last name begins with the letter “K” through “O,” consider that this small, 18-bed rural hospital is physically located in United Kingdom.
If your last name begins with the letter “P” through “T,” consider that this small, 18-bed rural hospital is physically located in India.
If your last name begins with the letter “U” through “Z,” consider that this small, 18-bed rural hospital is physically located in Brazil.
PREPARE YOUR INITIAL DISCUSSION POSTING CONSISTING OF TWO PARTS:
Part 1 – Briefly describe the healthcare system in your assigned country. Evaluate the healthcare system from the cost, quality, access, and challenges. Compare it to the healthcare system in the United States.
Part 2 – Assume that you are the Manager of the Social Services Department at this hypothetical rural hospital that is located in your assigned country. Based on your observations in the LearnScapes scenario and a review of the available literature, develop a formal recommendation to the hospital’s ethics committee regarding the continuation of the labor and delivery service line. When making this recommendation, take into consideration issues related to access, cost, quality, and continuity of service. Furthermore, give thoughtful consideration the internal and external factors that have an impact on the decision to continue or discontinue this service. The recommendation needs to be well supported, logically presented, and thoroughly vetted.
INITIAL POSTING
The initial posting should be prepared as a Microsoft Word document, and then attached to the unit discussion thread. There is no minimum or maximum in terms of the word count; however, the response should explicitly address all required components of this discussion assignment. The document should be prepared as a practical business deliverable (single-spaced) and reflect higher-level cognitive processing (analysis, synthesis, and evaluation).
Support the initial posting with at least 3 references of credible or peer-reviewed sources. The in-text citations and the list of references should be consistent with the APA writing style (7th ed.). To earn the maximum number of points for the initial posting, the overall quality of the writing should be consistent with that expected of a graduate student and industry professional.
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